Islamic finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Islamic fund - Essay Example It might be characterized as a fund framework that fits in with Islamic law, otherwise called Sharia, in spite of the fact that the definition doesn't infer that is it restricted to Muslims or Islamic nations (Rammal and Zurbruegg 86) Islamic account is guided by moral ideas recommended by Sharia corresponding to cash and capital and the relationship among benefit and hazard just as the social commitments of monetary foundations. It has developed into a worldwide and cosmopolitan monetary framework, focused on a book that might be gotten to by all individuals. Being available to development, the framework has had the option to adequately contend with the ordinary money related framework by offering a wide scope of budgetary items fitting various client needs. Filling in as an option in contrast to the customary budgetary framework, Islamic money has been fashioning an increasingly practical connection between exercises of genuine economy that produce esteem and the monetary exercises which encourage it. This paper will examine manners by which Islamic money can be considered as an option in contrast to traditional fund and why it is a suitable other option. Administration and Regulation Although it is administered by indistinguishable major financial approaches from ordinary banking, the key and most critical distinctive factor is the prerequisite of a severe adherence to a code of morals (Zepeda 52). At the microeconomic level, Islamic money is managed by Sharia administrative sheets, or Sharia researchers at any rate, who are answerable for affirming and investigating budgetary items and practices for consistence with Sharia rules. At microeconomic levels, the key administrative specialists and organizations are situated in Malaysia and Bahrain as the biggest sections of the Islamic finance’s showcase are dominatingly found in those locales. Among the main associations that set measures of the framework are the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Finance (AAOIFI), Malaysia Accounting Standards Board (MASB) and Islamic Financial Standards Board (IFSB). AAOIFI is situated in Bahrain while MASB and IFSB are in Malaysia (Zepeda 53). Islamic Finance as an Alternative to Conventional Finance The traditional account framework has been portrayed as being naturally flimsy for the most part due to being founded on intrigue and obligation just as utilizing the credit multiplier to use itself while making obligation too much. It is normal for government rules and guidelines, protection plans and treatment of assessment to advance agreements that depend on obligation in ordinary fund as opposed to those including sharing of the dangers (Zepeda 48). Accordingly, a fund framework established on obligation energizes the exchange of hazard while the increases of sharing dangers are underused. Islamic money offers an option in contrast to customary fund to those looking to incorporate qualities and morals into budgetary administration s as a positive improvement that additionally advances social equity. The option can best be seen from the two viewpoints through which the framework has developed. To begin with, the framework has disposed of intrigue based fund, otherwise called riba, according to the rules of Sharia. It is additionally from this rule the idea of capital is held only as a mode of trade since it has no connected natural worth. Second, it has built up a complete scope of generally safe money related items that target giving contributors, investors and controllers a similar degree of certainty. Albeit the greater part of the items are obligation based and look like the instruments utilized in customary money, they bear a distinctive element in the manner in which they advance business enterprise; don't bolster theoretical conduct; protect property rights; advocate for sharing the two returns and dangers; and keep legally binding commitments straightforward (Mahlknecht 71). Thusly, the framework has n ot

Market Analysis – Sony Bravia

Sony Bravia In the Australian Marketplace â€Å"Colour like No Other† Executive Summary Introduction Summary: This report will verbalize acquisition of the Sony Bravia Television in the Australian commercial center. It will show data to build up an inside and out comprehension of the customers purchasing propensities. The exploration for this report incorporates data sourced from the Sony site itself, deciphered and applied to the Australian Marketplace. Body Summary: The significant discoveries demonstrate there are different elements influencing the Australian marketplace.Overcoming a significant danger is conceivable by using Sony’s qualities to keep up pertinence in the Australian Marketplace. End/Recommendation Summary: It is evident that extra time, Sony will encounter an assortment of dangers and shortcomings, that will risk the achievement of the organization. This report prescribes that Sony boosts its qualities to keep making imaginative innovation, to proceed with its impression of one of Australia’s premium TV makers. List of chapters Executive Summary2 Introduction4 Purpose4 Authorisation4 Scope4 Background4 Environmental Scan6 Economic influences:6 Demographic influences6Competitive influences:7 Political influences:7 Social/Cultural:8 Technological influences8 S. W. O. T analysis9 Conclusion12 Reference list14 Introduction Purpose This report expects to introduce a precise examination of Sony Bravia in the Australian commercial center, and to give suggestions to the improvement of the company’s achievement. Authorisation This report is approved by Anne Tonkin, TAFE SA, and composed by Lynden Beck, an understudy of Anne Tonkin. Extension This report relates just to the Sony Bravia TV, inside the Sony Company and endeavors to attract connects to promote improvement of understanding the Australian market place.Background In 1944, Mr. Akio Morita, an official in the Japanese Navy worked with Mr. Masaru Ibuka, on a military undertaking structuring heat looking for rockets. After World War II, Morita and Ibuka kept up their kinship, and established the corporate brand known as Sony. Sony was made on the mutual conviction that it could make thoughts from creative mind and make them a reality. The fundamental target of Sony was to make imaginative items that would energize their clients. Sony is presently one of the world’s driving makers of home theater setups with significant interests in customer electronics.Today, Sony has a dream to commend life that is communicated through promotions. A dream expresses the concentration and bearing of an association. Sony’s vision states: â€Å"Creativity is our pith, we take risks, we surpass desires, we help dreamers’ dream†. This announcement communicates Sony’s need to fulfill their clients. Sony centers around conveying an extravagance experience which must be experienced through their item. Sony Market Analysis Environmental Scan Economic impacts: * The Financial Crisis of 2007-08, is considered by numerous business analysts to be the most exceedingly terrible money related emergency since the Great Depression of the twentieth Century.The impact of the emergency on Australia has been extensively not exactly in numerous different nations, anyway the consequences for family units are as yet present today. The Financial Crisis diminished the pay of Australia by about 10% by March 2009. Besides, the Australian shopper is relied upon to spare 21% a greater amount of its pay during 2012-13. The Australian economy anticipated less inclined to buy extravagance things, for example, a Sony Bravia TV. * The ‘Household Assistance Package’ presented by the Federal government in May 2012, is a key piece of the perfect vitality future plan.This Government sponsorship is intended to offer budgetary help to the working class Australian householders in the presentation of the Carbon charge. Segment impacts * The segment of the populace comprises of purchasers who look for a top notch item. The segment of Bravia proprietors are, because of its valuing, of a higher financial gathering making the Bravia be viewed as a superficial point of interest. Sony Bravia offers ‘Colour like No Other’, suggesting restrictiveness. * Sony Bravia’s regular objective crowd are purchasers who know about the company’s material sources and maintainability approaches, just as their not-revenue driven work in the community.Competitive impacts: * Samsung, LG and Panasonic are notable contenders of Sony. Each offering comparative applications on TVs. Accordingly organizations must contend with client support; this incorporates guarantee lengths, substitution ensures, brief fix or substitution, to set up faithful clients. * Whilst less expensive TVs have less highlights they despite everything bid to shoppers because of the low costs, squeezing the bigger organizations to go after dea ls. Political impacts: * The presentation of ‘Minimum wage’ has influenced the worldwide mployees of Sony working in sweat shops or industrial facilities, because of the expansion of the lowest pay permitted by law Sony should make good on more expenses. What's more, Sony must build costs of items to keep up a specific benefit rate. * Sony huge screen TVs cost 30% more in China than they do in Australia. Taxes on the importation of Sony items made in China which at that point show up in Australia help with swelled costs. Social/Cultural: * Sony puts specific accentuation on the social idea of its purchasers. Sony is an exceptional item with premium costs, and is subsequently observed as a superficial point of interest among eastern and western cultures.Generally, just rich Australians can bear the cost of a Sony Bravia. * Today’s culture puts more an incentive on experience as opposed to materialistic belongings. Sony Bravia defeats this craving by making an enco unter that offers ‘Colour like No Other’. This TV offers both an encounter, and a belonging. Innovative impacts * Technology is quickly propelling; making electronic items be out dated normally. Sony must be inventive with its items to keep up its serious edge. Driven TVs comprise of a showcase that utilizations LED backdrop illumination rather than the chilly cathode fluorescent backdrop illumination utilized by LCD televisions.LED TVs diminish vitality utilization, produce better differentiation in brilliance and a more noteworthy shading range. * As 3D items are getting increasingly normal at homes Sony expects to build deals of 3D TVs, by half of their separate TV conveyances by 2012. S. W. O. T examination A S. W. O. T investigation is a device used to break down the inside and outer elements influencing an organization. It is one of the most ordinarily utilized business investigation and dynamic devices. In this report, a S. W. O. T examination will be utilized to look at the qualities, shortcomings, openings and dangers of Sony Australia.Strengths | Weaknesses | Opportunities | Threats | Creative catchphrase: ‘Colour like no other’. | High cost can prevent purchasers. (littler objective audience)| Strong corporate brand Sony can be distinguished for some things. | Environmental concerns, significant expense in running electronic items. | Strong superficial point of interest, Sony is a top notch item, and an extravagance thing. | Due to broken wiring, the Sony Bravia was reviewed between 2007-08| Age of innovation, TVs have originated from being an extravagance to a family unit need. | Product disarray. Shoppers incapable to separate brands. | Technologically advanced.The Bravia TV with high goals multiple times some other HD T. Vs| Sony incapable to give premium client support, because of high traffic visiting store. | Sony endeavors to utilize different individuals to guarantee the organization accomplishes development and a w ide scope of abilities. | Emphases on encounters as opposed to materialistic items, for example, costly TVs. | Product highlights: ‘Your Presence is Needed’ application, which permits the TV to kill once it detects the watcher has left. | Sony Bravia isn't circulated into stores, for example, K-Mart and Big-W. Making less drive purchasers. Changing Technologies Sony is putting resources into improving 3D capacities and extra shrewd TV applications. | Global Financial emergency. The Australian buyer is relied upon to spare 21% a greater amount of its salary during 2012-13. | Sony’s inclusion in the network and its cooperation in noble cause work. | Fewer adverts on Australian television| Sony Foundation Australia is a not-for-benefit magnanimous association. | Carbon charge less cash for Australian purchasers to spend on excellent TVs. | Sony can provide food for the Carbon charge through applications that spare power. | Hard for non-innovative individuals to util izes because of broad applications. Sony bolsters numerous activities that lessen squander and degradation| Must promote on the web if unfit the Sony brand may fall behind. | A significant danger for Sony is the ecological concerns with respect to electronic items. Current social qualities place accentuation on looking after manageability. Sony focusses on improving the vitality effectiveness of their items by the utilization of the ‘Minimum Energy Performance Standards’â and ‘Energy Rating’ marks which show up on each electronic thing. These assistance clients purchasers pick progressively proficient apparatuses and get a good deal on running the products.Sony Australia is empowering and urging Australian customers to reuse batteries. Batteries gathered are moved and reused in a sheltered, ecological way. Significant materials, for example, cadmium, nickel, iron, cobalt and lead are recovered, and are reused as crude materials . Moreover, Sony has made di fferent applications on TVs to spare power. Movement sensors turn off the back screen when the watcher leaves the room. In beating natural dangers looked by Sony, the three qualities recorded above recommend the capacity to conquer apparent threats.Conclusion This report has broke down the brand, Sony, and in expansion, the Sony Bravia produc

Columbia alumni artist in review Elizabeth Rose Daly 94SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Columbia alumni artist in review Elizabeth Rose Daly 94SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The Columbia University alumni series spoke with 1994 SIPA graduate Elizabeth Rose Daly, who created Liz Daly’s Culture Digest as a way to share her love of New York City’s amazing cultural offerings and showcase some of the lesser known arts and cultural presentations.     Elizabeth Rose Daly is an executive with extensive experience in international business, government, and economic development. Since May, 2015, she has undertaken various consulting assignments, as well as advising foreign businesses and governments on how to connect with New York City government and resources. She has also been publishing Liz Daly’s Culture Digest, (www.LizDalyCultureDigest.com) a blog about arts and culture in New York City. Ms. Daly was Director, International Business,  in the New York City Mayors Office for International Affairs from 2003 until 2015, promoting New York City to foreign companies contemplating opening operations in the City, and helping them access the resources they needed to get started. She also assisted the foreign trade and diplomatic community on business and government issues. Previously Ms. Daly held various management and administrative positions with Crédit Industriel et Commercial, New York Branch, and Commerzbank, New York Branch, as well as the New York Office of FTCC Communications, a French telecommunications company. She also ran Brooklyn Goes Global, a program of the Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce that assisted Brooklyn-based manufacturers to export their products. Ms. Daly has a long history of community service, having served in various capacities on the Boerum Hill Association, Brooklyn Community Board 2, and the 84th Precinct Community Council. Ms. Daly holds a Master of Public Administration from Columbia University, School of International and Public Affairs, and a Bachelor of Arts from Fordham University. A native of the Bronx, she has traveled extensively overseas, and has studied in France and Germany. She speaks fluent French and intermediate German. For our members who are not familiar with your blog, can you tell us about Liz Daly’s Culture Digest and what inspired you to create it? After leaving the Mayor’s Office, I wanted to take a new direction in my career. I have a long-standing love of the arts â€" I was an art major in high school, and more recently studied jazz singing. Starting the blog was a way of sharing that passion and my knowledge of New York City with others, while developing my writing. It was also a way for me to learn about cultural life across the five boroughs, and explore venues I hadn’t visited before. And yes, I confess, it’s a way to have a lot of fun. I’ve always worked in international business, and saw early on how important the arts are â€" in many countries, if you want to land a deal, your familiarity with theatre, music and art is just as important as your knowledge of business.   From an economic development point of view, one of the attractions for companies and entrepreneurs setting up shop here is NYC’s vibrant cultural life â€" not just the major institutions, but the local theatre companies, dance troupes, galleries, music venues…   And those are really my focus. Read the entire interview here.

The Career Profession Of A Police Officer Essay - 1515 Words

The career profession that I want to become is a Police Officer. Police Officers protect life and property, keep the peace, prevent crime and maintain the public in order through the application of the law. I first knew that I wanted to become a Police Officer when I was 13 years old. My 8th grade teacher told us to research the career we wanted to do when we grow up and I didn’t know what I wanted to be. So I started by search online but nothing interested me then my aunt told me to interview her best friend who just became a police officer. So I interview her and feel in love with what she did with her life, how much she enjoyed helping other people. So since I was 13 I’ve dreamed about being a police officer of helping the people in my community to be safe. I’m a closed person so I know how to shut my emotions out and that helps me think outside the box when an emergency comes along. I want to be able to protect people who are in bad situations like the one I was in, to feel protected and secured with in their surroundings and in their communities. I feel that you should be able to feel safe in your own surroundings and be protected by the law when something goes wrong. A high school diploma, G.E.D. or equivalent from a U.S. Institution, or a California High School Proficiency Examination (CHSPE) certificate is required (JoinLAPD). Or a two-year or a four-year college degree from an accredited U.S. or foreign institution may be substituted for the high schoolShow MoreRelatedLaw Enforcement Education And Training1703 Words   |  7 PagesCentury and its Relation to Police Professionalization There is a great debate over the question of whether American law enforcement has achieved the status of a profession. 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Communication Influences On Self Image Affect...

This paper explores how my intrapersonal communication impacts on self-image affect interpersonal communication. Erik Erikson, suggests that self-concept are defined as an individual’s conceptualization of his or her self (Potter Perry, 2009, p. 300). I use interpersonal skills every day to communicate and interact with my family, friends and relative. Communication influences intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships as well as the quality of lifetime of the individuals. People may recognize someone who does unhappy and not recognize they’re unhappy. In most of the time people expect someone who is unhappy to cry a lot, and have no relationship. But person’s characteristics can’t be always apparent. We may or may not be able to recognize our strength by ourselves or else feedback. So this paper will be based on knowledge from myself and others. This paper examines Conflict management style survey (Stacey Jones, 2015) in relation to become more awar e of my self-defeating behaviours related to my avoidant personality and Erik Erikson’s belief. . Erikson believed development occurred in a series of stages throughout the lifetime, with each stage being marked by some sort of developmental â€Å"crisis† (Potter Perry, 2009, p. 300). I have always been one to hide my emotions from everyone. I grew up in a very strict family and expressing my emotions was not encouraged to say the least. I still remember being really little, like maybe 10, and being so sad. When I was 10Show MoreRelatedEffect Of Gender And Gender Representation On Media1735 Words   |  7 Pagesgender and gender representation in media has been widely researched in various academic disciplines, including anthropology and communication studies. Similar gender role expectations are not just restricted to Western culture either. 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The Virtual Classroom Elements and My Previous Learning Experiences Free Essays

After carefully observing at all the learning tools for our success in my EDU622 class, I must say that all these learning tools give me an excellent opportunity to learn and educate myself in the best possible way. In my opinion the three major epistemological tradition-Objectivism, Interpretivism, and Pragmatism are all evident in these learning tools for success, however objectivism is more dominant in education (cf. Phillips, 1983; Driscoll, 1984; Cunningham, 1992). We will write a custom essay sample on The Virtual Classroom Elements and My Previous Learning Experiences or any similar topic only for you Order Now In objectivism â€Å"reality is external, objective and knowledge is acquired through experience†. The Virtual Classroom learning tools are external objectives and by utilizing these tools properly is the source of knowledge which provides us experience. My personal academic learning experience don’t have all; this century’s hi-tech and computerized environment. Only blackboard, textbooks, instructors lecture notes, self believe, listning environment and good understanding with Instructors and friends. I remember one of my school teacher, Father J.J. Edward, he taught me science. His instructional methods were: 1. He always gave lectures on different topics with his full concentration. 2. He always taught me the key points and summarized the topic. 3. He always questioned me about what I had learned. 4. Gave me tasks to achieve them These four teaching techniques of my instructor developed three important learning points in me. These three points are: 1. Concentration 2. Learning the key points and summarizing the in my mind or document it 3.The most important point which I learned was recalling. Through these three methods I learned how to enhance the long term memory from short term memory and I would say that, whatever I have learned during my past academic experiences leads to the interlink age that, people learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. The behaviorist cognitive learning theories and constructivist can be called a bridge between behaviorist, cognitive learning theories and constructivism because it encompasses attention, memory, and motivation. How to cite The Virtual Classroom Elements and My Previous Learning Experiences, Essays

The jungle Persuasive Essay Example For Students

The jungle Persuasive Essay Book report: The Jungle by: Upton SinclaireWe can only know things with an experience for them by some means or other. We all know what we do, and we do not know what will happen. Our educated guesses failing at times and being glorified for justifications sake later. The family in Upton Sinclairs The Jungle depicts just this by every fiber of their hard working being. The qualities above present a perfected formula for real freedom. The gaining of knowledge and the failing or success that will happen to us. We can plan all we want, but freedom comes only to those who plan the luckiest. Take Jurgis (pronounced Yergis) for example. The strongest of the strong men in the world. He could stop a locomotive and beat John Henry in a fistfight. And why is this? He is strong, and his spirit is unconquerable. Hell just work harder if you give him more work. And what a commodity for his employers! Ever to continue along the drooling style of action, ever in the opposition of mother nature, and ever driven by the idea that he will be supporting his beloved family. To live a life in the youth of the 1900s, and in America, was the dream of so many people. To escape their tyrannical lands, the places their forefathers called home, to live in a place where it was known that every man was free and able to do his own thing, so long as he didnt hurt another. Free will, and no one could stop him for doing it. It would seem that a hard worker could go real far. In this time period such hopes were wasted on capitalism. The shammy American dream struck all those who sought to take residence in its comforting nest, and then thrust them out like so many chicks to learn to fly on their own in a harsh and unforgiving world. No man, on any account of strength could survive and live this dream, unless he was dishonest. Jurgis was an honest man, and so was his family of Lithuanians. Working harder every day for the same scraps of so many men. The work came, and only because Jurgis could pr ove his strength. Job was the only word he really knew when coming to the stockyards, and so it was his nervous energy that made him get a job. Any discussion of The Jungle should mention the unsanitary conditions in the Chicago meatpacking industry at the turn of the century and the federal legislation that Congress passed as a result of the national furor that Sinclairs muckraking novel created. However, it is equally important to emphasize that The Jungle wasand isprimarily an indictment of wage slavery. Sinclairs purpose in writing the novel was to document the inhumane treatment of working men and women in industrial capitalism and to argue that socialism provided the only solution to the problem. We will write a custom essay on The jungle Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Jungle is related to literary movements in America. First, the novel comes out of the muckraking era. The Muckrakersso named by Theodore Roosevelt because they, like the Man with the Muckrake in Pilgrims Progress, looked down at the filth and ignored the celestial crownexposed and attempted to correct graft and corruption in both government and business. He changed many aspects of society in his day and time. He should be looked up to and admired by all, cause without him who knows if we would have gotten this far. Bibliography:

The Power of Authority essays

The Power of Authority essays Authority is a power that has been shown through many different ways in history and in present day. In the play The Crucible Arthur Miller shows how the power of authority was shown in Salem, Massachusetts in the late 1600s. Throughout The Crucible Arthur Miller illustrates authority through the authority of the court in Salem, the authority of the Puritans church or religion, and how authority was shown through Judge Danforth. Another way that the power of authority can be shown throughout the play is through the power of the court that ruled and decided who to be convicted as a witch. The people of Salem in the play had a prodigious fear of the court in [there] country. (Hale pg.98) The fact that they had a fear of the court showed that it had authority because of the fact that the people were all afraid of the courts power. During the play the court charged and jailed many citizens on the acquisitions of being witches or being associated with the devil. When the many people were jailed there were many orphans wondering from house to house; abandoned cattle [bellowing] on the highroads; and the stink of rotting crops [hung] everywhere. (Hale pg.130) This economic breakdown of the city of Salem shows how the court had authority because it shows how the power of a small assembly of court officials can turn a city into a economic disaster all because of a court order. The court in Salem showed many people too many frightful proofs in court (Hale pg.71) which lead to the peoples believe that the their lives [rested] upon the justice of the court. (Hale pg.71) This also proved the courts authority because it allowed the people to see that the court had the power to give death warrants based on a small amount of proof. The court of Salem, in The Crucible, was one of the leaders of authority throughout the play. ...

Free sample - Recent research in Mycology. translation missing

Recent research in Mycology. Recent research in MycologyMycology is a branch in Botany that entails the study life and behaviour of fungi.   Mycology also includes the study of fungi-related diseases.   Mycology also puts into account the genetic and biochemical properties of fungi, taxonomy and their economic importance to human beings for instance in medicine (for instance penicillin) and food. A lot of researches related to mycology especially in medical mycology have led to discovery of new medicines that are currently treating diseases that initially had proved resistant to drugs. This paper tries to look into one of the recent researches that involved application of fungi in controlling mosquitoes resistant to insecticides. Based on the fact that malaria is a one of the causes of deaths in Africa and other regions that lie on the tropical regions, various researches have been carried out with the aim of coming up with more effective drugs to fight the malaria parasite. Recent research has shown that the chemical methods can be combined with biological methods to fight malaria parasites.   This is because the mosquitoes responsible for causing malaria are increasingly becoming resistant to chemical intervention. Last year researchers from Wageningen University and research centre after carrying out several researches showed that fungal spores can be effective in killing mosquitoes and can make mosquitoes to be more vulnerable to pesticides.   This research was carried out by Marit Farenhorst with other colleagues from the Entomology research centre in Cotonou, Benin and it involved the use of a wide arrange of fungi-insecticide combinations to test effect of timing and sequence of exposure (Wageninge n University and Research Centre 2010).   The research intended to establish the efficacy of combining fungi spores with insecticides in killing malaria causing mosquitoes in West Africa. From this research titled â€Å"Synergy in Efficacy of Fungal Entomopathogens and Permethrin against West African Insecticide-Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes†, it was found out that the fungi spores from Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae were very effective in killing both wild mosquitoes and laboratory bred ones.   On the efficacy of combining these spores with insecticides, it was found out from this research that the fungal infection on mosquitoes made them more vulnerable to permethrin and also exposure of mosquitoes to permethrin made them more vulnerable to infection by the spores.   In other words the two components produced a reinforced effect that proved effective to mosquitoes that had developed resistance to commonly used insecticides such as Permethrin an d DDT. The effect of combining fungal spores with permethrin proved to be more effective against insecticide resistant far much than expected, something that proved that both the fungi spores and permethrin reinforced each other’s efficacy (Wageningen University and Research Centre 2010).   From this research it was argued that the combination of spores with insecticides has the potential of creating a long term effect as it will be very difficult for mosquitoes to build resistant against agents that are totally distinct. From this research, it was suggested that fungi spores alone can be used a substitute of insecticides in beefing up the fight against malaria in Africa (Wageningen University and Research Centre 2010). There are still many research prospects in this field for instance, more research need to be done on evaluation of methods where mosquitoes will be exposed to both fungi and insecticides in duration of one night. This can be done by for instance employing mosquito nets that are impregnated with spore and also use of fungal sprays in the house. References Wageningen University and Research Centre. "Synergy in Efficacy of Fungal Entomopathogens and Permethrin against West African Insecticide-Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes

Is Google Making the Digital Divide Worse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Is Google Making the Digital Divide Worse - Essay Example Some sections of the population could not afford; thus, division into lines such as the Troost Avenue. Worse still, Google Fiber is making the divide worse as it continues to define the have and have not’s in the society. Even with campaigns and advertisements among the neighborhoods on Google Fiber, the community members realized that the major challenge was the cost of connection (Brick 3). It is worse than in Kansas City, there is no free or rather cheaper access to Wi-Fi like in Africa. It is not even clear whether Google has any plans to help the communities that are not able to access Fiber especially the poor households in Kansa City. One would argue that it is odd that the benefits of technology are known, but very little is done to support communities that do not have the ability to access the same (Brick 6). Though Google has offered to offer free services to different sites selected by the city, it is clear how this system will function as well as its long-term effe ct. Considering that different communities cannot access fiber, it is arguable that the system is not feasible. The digital divide can then be said to have profound roots that have perpetuated discrimination, differences in education and even access to capital and technology. The Google Fiber project is market-oriented and rarely helps the present community members especially the less fortunate members of the society. More commitment from Google may be instrumental in reducing the Digital Divide in the society today.

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 12

Law - Essay Example Alain, while in the course of the act of helping Mrs Todd balance the shopping, owed a duty of care to the Plaintiff during the course of his employment. He approached the plaintiff to help her balance the shopping, and therefore was under the obligation of taking care while performing the act. However, he failed to take enough care and made the mistake of hanging the heavy shopping bags on the accelerator bar, which led to the scooter speeding off to disaster. Applying the test of remoteness to this case, we observe that Mrs. Todd was directly in the path of any act or omission of Alain. (1856) Alain did not act prudently and carefully while balancing the shopping bags. Any reasonable man would have known that hanging the bags on to the accelerator would amount to a disastrous accident, especially when Mrs Todd was still on the scooter. The case of first came out with the concept of duty of care. (1990, 1932) â€Å"There must be, and is, some general conception of relations giving rise to a duty of care, of which the particular cases found in the books are but instances. The rule that you are to love your neighbour becomes in law you must not injure your neighbour; and the lawyers question: Who is my neighbour? You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour.  Who, then, in law, is my neighbour? The answer seems to be - persons who are so closely and directly affected by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions that are called in question. A manufacturer of products, which he sells in such a form as to show that he intends them to reach the ultimate consumer in the form in which they left him with no reasonable possibility of intermediate examination, and with knowledge that the absence of reasonable care in th e preparation or putting up of products will result in an injury

Underdevelopment: The Democratic Republic Of Congo

Underdevelopment: The Democratic Republic Of Congo Most of African countries are underdeveloped, and according to theories of modernization factors such as population, traditional agrarian structure, and illiteracy, low division of labor, poor infrastructure and communication. For development to take place there has to be change in these factors for example the rate of population growth has to change, infrastructure has to be improved and so on. Countries in the world are ranked in terms of development from the most to the least developed and each country has its position. In that regard, Democratic Republic of Congo ranks among the underdeveloped countries in the world. According to Theodore, (2009) The Democratic Republic of Congo earlier known as Zaire is the biggest nation in Africa. This country is rich in valuable natural resources, which include petroleum, cobalt, diamond, and copper. Since its independence in 1960, the country knows not what true democracy is. It has been faced with prolonged civil and ethnic strife. This has led to political, economic, and social instability all over the country, making this country to remain underdeveloped despite its wealth in natural resources. Mining and exportation of diamond, copper, cobalt and other resources have greatly contributed to internal conflicts. According to Hope (2004) civil war started as early as after the independence; however, the United Nations intervened on a peacekeeping mission. The country experienced thirty-six years of conflict from 1964 to 1997 when Mobutu Sese Sekou was overthrown from presidency by the present President Kabila forces. Though the neighboring countries came, in to support restores peace in the country but this has not been a success as these countries also show interests in getting a share of the wealth got from mining of these resources. The peace deal signed in 1999 by the concerned parties did not stop the civil war (Udombana, 2000). Political situation of the country has been a major contribution to the countries underdevelopment. Countries that are developed or developing normally are good democracies. The rule of the people by the people, political stability is very critical in providing room for change in the factors that cause underdevelopment. Contrary to democratic rule, the country experienced seen a long dictatorial regime during the era of Mobutu Sese Seko. Underdevelopment was fuelled by the fact that power was concentrated to the president. The government institutions were stifled and their role was to rubber stamp orders from above. Compromising the role played by institutions is a major hindrance to the path of development. The dictatorial regime controlled all the corporations and every aspect of the administration. This contributed to the countries underdevelopment in that decisions were centralized and in a top down approach. Since the country was had one party, the dictator took advantage of his power to make sure that only those who were in support and loyal to the party become CEOs, directors and union leaders (Lubeck, 1992). This led to mismanagement of public institutions and much looting at the expense of poor citizens widening the gap between the rich and the poor. When president Kabila was elected many thought that the country was on the road to democracy. However, the regime maintained the status quo in that the president had legislative. Executive and military powers vested in him. This kind of a government structure does not give full support of development because the executive is not accountable for any omission or commission in any act regarding the country. After the assignation of Kabila in 2001, his son Kabila took over with the objective of developing the country. The transition constitution has greatly contributed in determining the structure and organization of the countrys institutions helping put them back on development track. The constitution has also caused devolution of powers between the central and provinces governments. From the economic perspective, the Democratic Republic of Congo is economically underdeveloped compared to other countries in Africa and all over the world. Democratic Republic Congo is very rich in valuable minerals and favorable climate that can spur economic growth to great height however, the country is still underdeveloped mainly due to the political instability of the country. Economic development is what causes an increase in the living standards of a countrys population. In Congo the citizens, live in poor conditions despite the presence of mining firms in the country the citizens earn very little wages, which translates into poor quality of life (Mbaku, 2004). Though there has been several economic development plans set as early as 1982 the expenditure called for in the development of infrastructure, agriculture, forestry, and light industry is never reached due to economic difficulties. One main challenge to economic development in the country is the overdependence on petroleum at the expense of other industries. The country has not succeeded in boosting those economic activities that do not mainly rely on imports. Despite the favorable climate sector such as agriculture have been neglected. Thus, the income earned in exportation of minerals is used to import food supplies. Overreliance on international aid is a major bottleneck to economic development in the country (Porter, Craig 2004). Countries such as China, Soviet Union, and France provided significant aid with France being the leading donor. Although international aid is normally given to spur economic development, countries that relies much on foreign aid face economic challenges when the donors withdraw or fail to give what such countries expected. The political instability in the country has made many donors to withdraw their pledges put strain on the Congos economy, which is a combination of industrial sector relying on petroleum mining, traditional agriculture and services. Congos economy has however, made substantial progress mainly because of the reforms. The country has taken measures to liberalize the economy through investment, hydrocarbons, and tax reforms. However, not all these reforms have succeeded some are yet to be felt by neither the common citizens on the ground nor the investors. Plans to privatize main parastatals the transportation and telecommunication monopolies, was a good one that would have helped improve unreliable and dilapidated infrastructure. Nevertheless, the plans were never implemented and the state of telecommunication and infrastructure is still very poor. To achieve economic development the country needs to make serious moves towards economic stabilization through restructuring external debt and public finances improvement. In the late 1990, the country was back on track in terms of economic development with major economic reforms. However, this later hindered by several external and internal factors that followed. For example, in 1998 the oil prices slumped put much strain on the countrys budget deficit. Armed conflict broke out in the same year straining the economic prospects, which chiefly depend on political stability (Booth, 1985). The country has to make the investment climate remains unfavorable making many investors to shy away from investing in the country. Investors especially foreign investors have in many countries contributed to spur the economic growth of these countries. Slater (1993) argues that development from the social perspective refers to qualitative changes in the society structure and functioning, in a bid to achieve the objectives better. To attain social development there has to be increased awareness that will lead to better organizations. In the Democratic Republic of Congo from the social perspective is poorly developed. The structure and functioning of the society is poor there is need to create awareness among the Congolese to help create better organizations. This will help improve their living standards, health, education and other quality life measures. Education levels and access to facilities such as hospitals in the country is still very poor (Brohman, 1996). Most of the citizens are either illiterate or only have basic education. The political instability has played a significant role in hindering human development this further deters social development. Political instability of the country has caused major social injustices; social development takes place in societies that have democratic rule and freedom. This freedom promotes creativity and invention for the betterment of a society. The social welfare in the country has for a long time been compromised, the economic gains only benefit a few who are in power. Women have over the years fallen victims of social injustices from rape especially during conflicts to discrimination in the job market. The country has failed to provide social services such as security and health care to its population. Social services are not equally distributed in the country (Harrison, 2005). Conclusion It is no doubt that The Democratic Republic of Congo is an underdeveloped country despite its wealth in valuable resources. Political instability has been the main challenge to a successful economic development strategy. The country has poor transportation networks, which is still a major challenge to economic development. The country needs major reforms be on the development track. To achieve overall development the country must not overlook any of the development perspectives (Simon, 2003). The political development is crucial for any development or growth to take place. It is through political stability and democratic rule that lead to the development of other sectors such as economic, social and technological. Fences by August Wilson: Analysis of Troy Fences by August Wilson: Analysis of Troy Unintentional Effect Around the early 1900s, racism was prominent and wasnt sugarcoated at all. African Americans had to deal with several obstacles around this period because of the discrimination in certain things they wanted to partake in. These actions effected many African Americans because it forced some of them to look at the world with hatred and it limited many of their opportunities in life. Racism is sad reality in our nation that affects all types of people and it continues to shake and alter lives. People use racism as a sort of way to detect the differences with their peers and spike bias towards a group of people. Some people go the extra mile in insulting, attacking or mentally attacking others because of racist ideals they believe in. In the play Fences by August Wilson, Troys dreams of becoming a professional baseball player got ripped away because of his racial appearance. This single experience has slowly made him look at life differently. He easily gets fooled by his inner thoughts b ecause of the past racial discrimination he endured and believes his self-created illusions. Racism has played an important role in Troys life which is evident based on the certain decisions he has made in his life. Because of these experiences in his life, Troys rash decisions in the play causes tensions and conflicts with his family. One of the rash decisions Troy does in the play is when he prevents his son from playing football. Based on the college scholarship, Cory had a bright future in playing football but Troy completely neglects that and says that Cory will not get involved in no sports. Not after what they did to me in the sports (Wilson 1053). Because of the past discrimination Troy faced in his life, Troy also assumed that Cory wouldnt get a fair shake either because of his skin color. Troy argued that because of his skin color, he was prevented from playing in the Major Leagues. Later in the story, he tells the coach that Cory isnt allowed to play football and he told the recruiter to leave and to never come back. Troy doesnt see that by pulling Cory away from achieving his dream at being a football player, he is creating tension and he is subconsciously not allowing Cory to have a better life than him. If Cory had got the opportunity and played football in college, he would have been able to get a co llege education while playing the sport he loves. Troy doesnt see that however because Troy is still effected from the denial he got when he was trying to play professional baseball. Although he cares about Cory and he thinks by preventing him from playing football is only for his own good, that decision wasnt wise because he is basically doing what society did to him which is preventing him from achieving his dreams. Troy aspires to be fighter and a survivor in life and from Roses perspective that shows through his son Cory. Troys true intentions are to show his son that nothing comes easy. The ultimate flaw however is that Troy looks at the world in his perspective. Troy is trying to prevent Cory from going through the same harsh experiences as him but he is unintentional recreating the same obstacles which are preventing Cory from becoming the full potential of himself. Throughout the play, Troy is imposing his will on Cory and he is basically preventing him from exploring the world for himself. This causes Cory to have conflicts with his dad because they dont agree completely. In the article Baseball as History and Myth in August Wilsons Fences by Susan Koprince, Susan says that Troys front yard is literally turned into a battleground during his confrontations with his younger son Cory (Koprince 354). With each argument and conflict, Cory slowly characteristics change in the story. In the begi nning of the story, he was a cheerful kid hopeful for his future. However because of the denial of pursing football and the constant back and forth between him and Tory, he becomes very bitter just like his father. This isnt a good thing because once Cory picks up his father characteristics, it forces him to see the world in a single perspective and thats not his full potential but an intentional effect from Troys reactionary decision. Like stated before Troy isnt trying to harm his family at all. Troy went through a lot in his past and he doesnt want his family to go through that same experience he went through. He felt it was his job to be a father and protect his family from his past mistakes. Troy went to jail for fifth teen years for murder. A man he tried to rob pulled a gun on him so in retaliation he stabbed him. Experiences like this Troy doesnt want any of his sons to go down that path. Lyons is Troys son from a previous relationship. While Troy was in prison, Lyons didnt have a dad growing up and he didnt really have guidance in the world. Lyons doesnt seem particularly bitter about any of this. He just seems to accept things as they come. Lyons passion is becoming a musician. Troy however doesnt see that as a serious thing. He instead sees that as a dangerous path. Troy says You living the fast lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦wanna be a musicianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦running around in them clubs and thingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (W ilson 1041). Although Troy sounded harsh there, this was probably the most honest and sincere thing he told Lyons. Troy views Lyons dream as a risk because hes not getting any income from this profession. Every time Troy gets paid, Lyon appears asking for a handout. This offends Troy because he never had handouts coming up. From the experiences of growing up in a white society, he believes that African Americans have to work for everything that they want. From the article, Susan writes that Instead of limitless opportunity, [Troy] has come to know racial discrimination and poverty (353). He wants Lyons to take on a safer route which is working somewhere with a structure rather than the freelance world of music. He doesnt want Lyons to get lost in that music world and result into doing the things he used to do that caused him to go to jail. Lyons doesnt see the world like Troy. Lyons isnt bitter at the world like Troy and he expresses himself through music. Lyons has the same mindset as Cory which is that they can do something special for their lives in this society full of opportunities. Troy believes that Lyons isnt aware on the harsh treatment African Americans go through and it shows clearly when his son asks him for ten dollars. This conflict shows how Troy distance himself away from Lyons. Troy doesnt feel comfortable giving out ten dollars because he feels like hes being taken advantage of. This goes back to the self-created illusions Troy creates because of the past experiences he dealt with especially with whites. Troy basically creates a barrier to Lyons because of this fear. Lyons doesnt want to take advantage of Troy but he wants a closer relationship with father. This isnt possible because Troy doesnt support Lyons career and he doesnt give Lyons the same attention he gives Cory. Sadly, Troy doesnt see that Lyons wants more attention instead he looks at Lyons as someone who is trying to take his hard-owned money. Troy later in the play makes another decision that shifts the tone of play where he commits an affair with Alberta. Troy feels trapped in a marriage where he cant display his true self. He doesnt blame Rose but from this scene he looks very unapologetic. He felt like with all the responsibilities of being a father and provider for his family, he needed a way to escape all that. This is his reasoning for committing this fatal decision. Troys selfish act shows that he wanted to break a boundary hes been limited too. Hes been limited from baseball, the status hes been in at work and his marriage. Rose was crushed hearing that the man she gave her life and identity to committed an affair with another woman. It bothered her when he said he needed an outlet from his priorities. She said Dont you think I ever wanted other things? Dont you think I had dreams and hopes? What about my life (Wilson 1071)? She committed herself to the marriage and to repay her, he betrays her by having a baby wi th another woman. Because of this conflict, Troy and Roses marriage is severely jeopardized. Rose is still the mother of his children but she doesnt recognize herself as a wife to Troy. She starts to build her own characteristics and beliefs after this conflict. Rose felt like she wasted her years with Troy so she began to build a life outside of the house she felt trapped in. During the last scene of the play, she tells Cory why the marriage went down the way it did. Rose recognized that she gave up her free will for love. She wanted to have children and be at one with Troy. She accepted that this was her identity. But because of this affair, it woke her up and made her a diverse character because she became independent rather than dependent. Troys decisions distanced himself away from his family as he lost his dominance in the household. Troy Maxson went through a lot in his life. Troy has a singular perspective on the world. He has a strict demeanor because of how society viewed African Americans back in the 1950s. Troy cares a lot about his family even if he doesnt show it. Throughout his life, Racism has been a barrier for him. He was once young and he chased his own dreams but because of his skin color, several ideals got in his way. Racism caused a lot of Troys bitterness towards life. He went to jail and ultimately makes sure he doesnt fall back there. All of his decisions were very influenced by past experiences from racism. Whether it be denying Corys dreams, neglecting Lyons and breaking the barriers of his marriage with Rose. All of these decisions caused tensions around the family and ultimately fenced his family away from him. Works Cited Koprince, Susan. Baseball as History and Myth in August Wilsons Fences.. African  American Review, vol. 40, no. 2, Summer2006, pp. 349-358. EBSCOhost. Wilson, August. Fences Literature: A Portable Anthology. 4th ed. Boston:Bedford/St.Martins, 2016. 1030-1088. Print. What Is Algebra? What Is Algebra? Algebra is a branch of mathematics, as we know maths is queen of science, it plays vital role of developing and flourishing technology, we use all scopes in past and newly, the algebra is not exceptional the maths. Algebra is one of the main areas of pure mathematics that uses mathematical statements such as term, equations, or expressions to relate relationships between objects that change over time.Here is a list of names who have contributed to the specific field of algebra. Algebra is seen by much arithmetic with letters and a long historical precedent the textbooks, stretching back of the 14th century. As such it deepens upon experience and facility with arithmetic calculations. It provides student with skill to carry out algebraic manipulations .many of the which parallel arithmetic computation. At the very least ,school algebra is a collection of mathematical practices and procedure to be internalised and integrated into learners functioning ,at the very most in its tradition form its afford glimpse of a powerful tool for modelling and thus resolving problems, (page 559 jifa cai) Word Algebra The word algebra is a shortened misspelled transliteration of an Arabic titleal-jebr wal-muqabalah (circa 825) by the Persian mathematician known as al-Khwarizmi [words, p. 21]. Theal-jebrpart means reunion of broken parts, the second partal-muqabalahtranslates as to place in front of, to balance, to oppose, to set equal. Together they describe symbol manipulations common in algebra: combining like terms, moving a term to the other side of an equation, etc. In its English usage, in the 14thcentury,algebermeant bone-setting, close to its original meaning. By the 16thcentury, the formalgebraappeared in its mathematical meaning. Robert Recorde (c. 1510-1558), the inventor of the symbol= of equality, was the first to use the term in this sense. He, however, still spelled it asalgeber. The misspellers proved to be more numerous, and the current spellingalgebratook roots. Thus the original meaning ofalgebrarefers to what we today callelementary algebrawhich is mostly occupied with solving simple equations. More generally, the termalgebraencompasses nowadays many other fields of mathematics: geometric algebra, abstract algebra, Boolean algebra, Ã‚ ³-algebra,to name a few. Algebra is an ancient and one of the most basicbranch ofmathematics, invented by Muhammad Musa Al-Khwarizmi, and evolve over the centuries. The name algebra is itself of Arabic origin. It comes from the Arabic word ‘al-jebr.[1] http://www.cut-the-knot.org/WhatIs/WhatIsAlgebra.shtml The English invented the world (Kelly 1821-1895) algebra of matrices and the research (Paul 1815-1864) may have emerged since 1854 and from this research Boolean algebra, also appeared in 1881 forms of art to illustrate the Boolean algebra, (availablhttp://www.jeddmath.com/vb/showthread.php?t=5330/15/052011). History of algebra In history, we find some following mathematicians who have great contributions in development of algebra. Cuthbert Tunstall Cuthbert Tunstall (1474 -1559) was born in Hackforth, Yorkshire, England and died in Lambeth, London, England. He was a significant royal advisor, diplomat, and administrator, and he gained two degrees with great proficiency in Greek, Latin, and mathematics. In 1522, he wrote his first printed work that was devoted to mathematics, and this arithmetic book ‘De arte supputandi libri quattuorwas based on Paciolis Suma. Robert Recorde Robert Recorde (1510-1558) was born in Tenby, Wales and died in London, England. He was a Welsh mathematician and physician and in 1557, he introduced the equals sign (=). In 1540, Recorde published the first English book of algebra ‘The Grounde of Artes. In 1557, he published another book ‘The Whetstone of Witte in which the equals sign was introduced. John Widman John Widman (1462-1498) was born in Eger, Bohemia, currently called Czech Republic and died in Leipzig, Germany. He was a German mathematician who first introduced + and signs in his arithmetic book ‘Behende und hupsche Rechnung auf Allen kauffmanschafft. Thomas Harriot Thomas Harriot (1560 -1621) was born in Oxford, London and died in London England. He was an astronomer and mathematician, and founder of the English school of algebra. William Oughtred William Oughtred (1575-1660) was born in Eton, Buckinghamshire, England and died in Albury, Surrey, England. He was one of the worlds great and formally trained mathematicians. Oughtred, in his book Clavis Mathematicae included Hindu-Arabic notation, decimal fractions and experimented on many new symbols such as ÃÆ'-,::, >, and John Pell John Pell (1611-1685) was born in Southwick, Sussex, England, and died in Westminster, London, England. Pells work was mostly based on number theory and algebra. Pell published many books on mathematics such as Idea of Mathematicsin 1638 and the two page A Refutation of Longomontanuss Pretended Quadrature of the Circle in 1644. Reverend John Wallis John Wallis (1616-1703) was born in Ashford, Kent, England and died in Oxford, England. In 1656, Wallis published his most famous book Arithmetica Infinitorum in which he introduced the formula /2 = (2.2.4.4.6.6.8.8.10)/ (1.3.3.5.5.7.7.9.9). In another of his works, Treatise on Algebra, Wallis gives a wealth of information on algebra. John Herschel John Frederick William Herschel (1792-1871) was born in Slough, England and died in Kent, England. He was a great astronomer who discovered Uranus. In 1822, he published his first work on astronomy, a small work to calculate the eclipses of the moon. In 1824, he published his first major work on double stars in the Transactions of the Royal Society. Charles Babbage Charles Babbage (1791 -1871) was born in London, England and died in London, England. In 1821, Babbage made the Difference engine to compile tables of mathematics. In 1856, he invented Analytical Engine, which is a general symbol manipulator and similar to todays computers. Sir Isaac Newton Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727) was born in Lincolnshire, England and died in London, England. He was a great physicist, mathematician, and one of the greatest scientific intellects of all time. In 1672, he published his first work on light and color in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. In 1704, Newtons works on pure mathematics was published and in 1707, his Cambridge lectures from 1673 to 1683 were published. ( http://www.barcodesinc.com/articles/algebra-history.htm) How is Algebra used in daily life? Every day in our life and all over the world we use Algebra many places as well as finances, engineering, schools, and universities we cant do most scopes without maths.( It is actually quite common for an average person to perform simple Algebra without realizing it. For example, if you go to the grocery store and have ten dollars to spend on two dollar candy bars. This gives us the equation 2x = 10 where x is the number of candy bars you can buy. Many people dont realize that this sort of calculation is Algebra; they just do it). (http://wiki.answers.com and http://wiki.answers.com) Other Definitions Algebra is the parts of mathematics where numbers and letters are used like A B or X and Y, or other symbols are used to represent unknown or variable numbers. For examples : inA +5 = 9, A is unknown, but we can solve by subtracting 5 to both sides of the equal sign (=), like this: A+5 = 9 A+ 5 5 = 9 5 A +0 = 4 A = 4 3b+12=15 subtract both sides 12 3b+12-12=15-12 3b=3 divide both sides 3 to get the value of b which is 1 and so on 5x/5x=1 if you substitute x any number not zero the equation will be true (Algebra is branch of mathematics that substitutes letters for numbers. An algebraic equation represents a scale, what is done on one side of the scale with a number is also done to the other side of the scale. The numbers are the constants. Algebra can include real numbers, complex numbers, matrices, vectors etc. Moving from Arithmetic to Algebra will look something like this: Arithmetic: 3 + 4 = 3 + 4 in Algebra it would look like: x + y = y + ) artical http://math.about.com/cs/algebra/g/algebradef.htm Terminology used in algebra to make algebra easy or any other branches of maths, we must understand well all basic sign in all operations and use it right way, these signs are , subtractions ,division, addition ,multiplication. variable is also called an unknown and can be represented by letters from the alphabet letters. Operations in algebra are the same as in arithmetic: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. An expression is a group of numbers and variables, along with operations. An equation is the equality of two expressions. (Polynomials are often written in descending order, in which the terms with the largest powers are written first (like 92- 3x + 6). If they are written with the smallest terms appearing first, this is ascending order (like 6 3x + 92). equation- An equation is a mathematical statement that contains an equal sign, like ax + b = c. exponent- An exponent is a power that a number is raised to. For example, in 23, the exponent is 3. expression- An algebraic expression consists of one or more variables, constants, and operations, like 3x-4. Each part of an expression that is added or subtracted is called atermFor example, the expression 42-2x+7 has three terms. factor- The factor of a number is a number that divides that number exactly. For example, the factors of 6 are 1, 2, 3 and 6. formula- A formula shows a mathematical relationship between expressions. fraction- A fraction is a part of a whole, like a half, a third, a quarter, etc. For example, half of an apple is a fraction of an apple. The top number in a fraction is called the numerator; the bottom number in a fraction is called the denominator. inequality- An inequality is a mathematical expression that contains an inequality symbol. The inequality symbols are : > greater than (2>1) à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ less than or equal to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥ greater than or equal to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚   not equal to (1à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚  2). integer- The integers are the numbers , -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, . inverse (addition)- The inverse property of addition states that for every number a, a + (-a) = 0 (zero). inverse (multiplication)- The inverse property of multiplication states that for every non-zero number a, a times (1/a) = 1. matrix- nth- operation- An operation is a rule for taking one or two numbers as inputs and producing a number as an output. Some arithmetic operations are multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction. polynomial- A polynomial is a sum or difference of terms; each term is: * a constant (for example, 5) * a constant times a variable (for example, 3x) * a constant times the variable to a positive integer power (for example, 22) * a constant times the product of variables to positive integer powers (for example, 2x3y). monomial is a polynomial with only one term. A binomial is a polynomial that has two terms. A trinomial is a polynomial with three terms. prime number- A prime number is a positive number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself. Alternatively, you can think of a prime number as a number greater than one that is not the product of smaller numbers. For example, 13 is a prime number because it can only be divided evenly by 1 and 13. For another example, 14 is not a prime number because it can be divided evenly by 1, 2, 7, and 14. The number one is not a prime number because it has only one factor, 1 itself. quadratic equation- A quadratic equation is an equation that has a second-degree term and no higher terms. A second-degree term is a variable raised to the second power, like x2, or the product of exactly two variables, like x and y. When you graph a quadratic equation in one variable, like y = ax2+ bx + c, you get a parabola, and the solutions to the quadratic equation represent the points where the parabola crosses the x-axis. quadratic formula- The quadratic formula is a formula that gives you a solution to the quadratic equation ax2+ bx + c = 0. The quadratic formula is obtained by solving the general quadratic equation. radical- A radical is a symbol à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ that is used to indicate the square root or nthroot of a number. root- An nthroot of a number is a number that, when multiplied by itself n times, results in that number. For example, the number 4 is a square root of 16 because 4 x 4 equals 16. The number 2 is a cube root of 8 because 2 x 2 x 2 equals 8. solve- When you solve an equation or a problem, you find solutions for it. square root- The square roots of a number n are the numbers s such that s2=n. For example, the square roots of 4 are 2 and -2; the square roots of 9 are 3 and -3. symbol- A symbol is a mark or sign that stands for something else. For example, the symbolà ·meansdivide. system of equations- A system of equations is two or more independent equations that are solved together. For example, the system of equations: x + y = 3 and x y = 1 has a solution of x=2 and y=1. terms- In an expression or equation, terms are numbers, variables, or numbers with variables. For example, the expression 3x has one term, the expression 42+ 7 has two terms. variable- A variable is an unknown or placeholder in an algebraic expression. For example, in the expression 2x+y, x and y are variables. +,- (www.EnchantedLearning.com) Learn algebra Symbolizes the number in the account to a group that contains that number of things, for example, No. 5, always stands for a set containing 5 things.In algebra, the symbols may be replaced by numbers, but it is possible to solve the number one or more replace one icon.To learn algebra, we must first learn how to use symbols replace the numbers.And then how to create a constraint for strings of numbers. Groups and variables.There is a relationship between the symbols in algebra and groups of numbers.It is certain that each of us has some knowledge of groups of objects, such as collections of books, collections of postage stamps, and groups of dishes.And groups of numbers are not different for these groups a lot.One way to describe sets of numbers in algebra is that we are using one of the alphabet, such as the name of her p..Then half of the numbers of this group Bhzaretha brackets of the form {}.For example, can be expressed set of numbers from 1 to 9 as follows: A = {1, 2.3, 4, 5.6, 7, 8.9}. The group of odd numbers under 20 are: B = {1.3, 5, 7.9, 11, 13.15, 17, 19}. These examples demonstrated the models of the groups used in algebra. Suppose that the age of four persons were respectively: 12, 15.20, 24. Then can be written in this age group numbers. A = {12.15, 20, 24}. How is the age of each of them after three years? One way to answer this question is that we write 12 +3.15 +3.20 +3 and 24 + 3.We note that the number 3 is repeated in each of the formulas  ¸ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ four.In algebra we can express all previous versions form a single task is m + 3 where m is any number of numbers of a group.That is, it can replace any of the numbers 12, 15, 20 or 24 m are indicated.Is called the symbol m variable, called the group a field of this variable, but No. 3 in the formula m+3 is called hard because its value is always one.Known variable in algebra as a symbol can be compensated for the number of one or more belongs to a group. We can replace any names lead to correct reports or reports the wrong variable.For example: Hungary is bordered by the State of the Black Sea Report of the wrong, as in fact can not be like this report is correct only if compensated by the variable r one of the States: Bulgaria or Romania, or Turkey.The report shall be  ¸ Turkey is a country bordered by the Black Sea for example, the right one called the compensation that makes the report and called the right roots group consisting of all roots with a solution.The solution set is the previous example. {Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey}.And in reparation for not use the names to compensate for variables, but we use the numbers. Equations known as the camel sports is equal to reflect the two formats. Phrase: Q +7 = 12 For example, an easy equation  ¸ mean the sum of the number 7 with the number equal to 12 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ To solve this equation, we can do to compensate for different numbers of Q until we get a report of the equation makes the right one.If we substitute for x the equation becomes number five report is correct, and if we substitute for x any number of other reports, the equation becomes wrong.So to solve this equation set is {5}. This group contains only one root. It is possible that the equation more than one root: X  ² + 18 = 9 o. No. 2 highest first variable x means that the number of representative variable Q is the number of box, that number multiplied by itself once.See: box.In this equation, we can make up for X number 3: 3 ÃÆ'- 3 + 18 = 9 ÃÆ'- 3 9 + 18 = 27 27 = 27 We can also compensate for X number 6: 6 ÃÆ'- 6 + 18 = 9 ÃÆ'- 6 36 + 18 = 54 54 = 54 Any other compensation for making the equation Q report wrong.Then 3 and 6 are the root of the equation.Thus, the solution set is {3.6}. There are also equations having no roots: X = + 3 If we substitute for x any number, this equation becomes a false report, and a solution is called the group of free and symbolized by the symbol {}. and some of the equations, an infinite number (for high standards) from the roots. (X + 1)  ² = x  ² + 2 x +1 In this equation if we substitute for x any number we get the right report, the Group resolved to contain all the numbers http://nabad-alkloop.com/vb/showthread.php?t=38762 What is best way to learn and teach algebra? Step-by-step equations solving is the key of teaching and learning. To find fully worked-out answers and learn how to solve math problems, one step at a time. Studying worked-out solutions is a proven method to help you retain information. Dont just look for the answer in the back of the book; There are five laws basic principles of math governing operations: multiplication addition subtract and expressing the variables and can be compensated for any number Algebra is anessential subject. Its the gateway to mathematics. Its used extensively in the sciences. And its an important skill in many careers. Many people think, it is a nightmare and causes more stress, homework tears and plain confusion than any other subject on the curriculum but that is not true. Theimportance of understanding equation Connotation and denotation on extension of a concept two opposite yet complementary aspects is clarified the extension is defined vice versa understanding the concept equation includes its connotation and denotations. This session of observed lessons will show the essential nature or the equation is consolidated by designing problem variation putting emphasis on clarifying the connotation and differentiation the boundary of the set of object in the extension. (Page 559 Jifa cai) Whats the best formula for teaching algebra? Immersing students in their course work, or easing them into learning the new skills or does a combination of the two techniques adds up to the best strategy? Researchers at the Centre for Social Organization of Schools at Johns Hopkins are aiming to find out through a federally funded study that will span 18 schools in five states this fall. The study, now in its second year of data collection, will evaluate two ways to teach algebra to ninth-graders, determining if one approach is more effective in increasing mathematics skills and performance or whether the two approaches are equally effective. Participating schools in North Carolina, Florida, Ohio, Utah and Virginia will be randomly assigned to one of two strategies for the 2009-2010 school year; to be eligible, students must not have previously taken Algebra I. Twenty-eight high schools were studied during the 2008-2009 school year. One strategy, called Stretch Algebra, is a yearlong course in Algebra 1 with students attending classes of 70 to 90 minutes a day for two semesters. This approach gives students a â€Å"double dose† of algebra, with time to work on fundamental mathematics skills as needed. The second strategy is a sequence of two courses, also taught in extended class periods. During the first semester, students take a course called Transition to Advanced Mathematics, followed by the districts Algebra I course in the second semester. The first-semester course was developed by researchers and curriculum writers at Johns Hopkins to fill gaps in fundamental skills, develop mathematics reasoning and build students confidence in their abilities. â€Å"The question is, Is it better for kids to get into algebra and do algebra, or to give kids the extra time so the teacher can concentrate more on concepts started in middle schools?† said Ruth Curran Neild, a research scientist at Johns Hopkins and one of the studys principal investigators. Teachers using both strategies will receive professional development. Mathematics coaches will provide weekly support to those who are teaching the two-course approach; the study will provide teacher guides and hands-on materials for students in Transition to Advanced Mathematics. Johns Hopkins researchers will be collecting data throughout the school year. Findings are expected during the 2010-2011 school year. http://gazette.jhu.edu/2009/08/17/calculating-the-best-way-for-teaching-algebra/ Learn Algebra, the easy way The key to learn and understand Mathematics is to practice more and more and Algebra is no exception. Understanding the concepts is very vital. There are several techniques that can be followed to learn Algebra the easy way. Learning algebra from the textbook can be boring. Though textbooks are necessary it doesnt always address the need for a conceptual approach. There are certain techniques that can be used to learn algebra the fun and easy way. Listed below are some of the techniques that can be used. Do some online research and you will be surprised to find a whole bunch of websites that offer a variety of fun learning methods which makes learning algebra a pleasant experience and not a nightmare. But the key is to take your time in doing a thorough research before you choose the method that is best for you, or you can do a combination of different methods if you are a person who looks for variety to boost your interest. 1. ANIMATED ALGEBRA : You can learn the basic principles of algebra through this method. Animation method teaches the students the concepts by helping them integrate both teaching methods. When the lessons are animated you actually learn more ! 2. ALGEBRA QUIZZES : You can use softwares and learn at your own pace best of all you dont need a tutor to use it. What you really need is something that can help you with your own homework, not problems it already has programmed into it that barely look like what your teacher or professor was trying to explain. You can enter in your own algebra problems, and it works with you to solve them faster make them easier to understand. 3. INTERACTIVE ALGEBRA : There are several Interactive Algebra plugins that allows the user toexploreAlgebra by changing variables and see what happens. This promotes an understanding of how you arrive at answers. There are websites that provide online algebra help and worksheets. They also provide interactive onlinegamesand practice problems and provide the algebra help needed. It is difficult to recommend better methods for studying and for learning because the best methods vary from person to person. Instead, I have provided several ideas which can be the foundation to a good study program. If you just remember all the rules and procedures without truly understanding the concepts, you will have difficulty learning algebra. (http://www.ehow.com/how_4452787_learn-algebra-easy-way.html)

Reaction Paper Information Security Essay

Right now we are living in a world where information is very abundant and mostly open to everyone because of the internet. Security and privacy are big issues nowadays and someone has to do some actions regarding these issues. People dealing with the security and privacy of information belong to the field of Information Security, and we are lucky to meet someone knowledgeable about this field of work. Last February 27 at BA Multimedia Room of Saint Therese Building, we held a seminar about Information Technology and our speaker was Mr. Ferdinand Samaniego and together with him is a Computer Engineering graduate of Adamson University, Mr. Tet Aguila. Mr. Samaniego is the Lead Penetration Tester of Bitshield. His task is to find possible threats on applications and provide remedy to these threats. The seminar was delayed for about an hour because Mr. Samaniego and Mr. Aguila were caught in traffic. Most of us lost their enthusiasm about the seminar because of the delay. But when Mr. Samaniego and Mr. Aguila arrived and started the seminar, everyone became very excited and the eagerness to learn came back to us because Mr. Samaniego told that he will tackle issues about hacking. I think it is normal for us Computer Engineering students to get excited whenever the topic is hacking. We had already attended several seminars and whenever the topic is hacking it usually get all our attention throughout the seminar. So as expected, the seminar was very lively and interactive. Students raised their questions and Mr. Samaniego and Mr. Aguila willingly addressed these questions. At the beginning of the seminar, Mr. Samaniego asked us which operating system we are using in our computers. All of us answered Microsoft Windows  Operating System. He laughed and then challenged us that if we are using Linux Operation System just raised our hand and he will give some freebies to us. But no one raised his/her hand. He again laughed and told us that we must try and explore Linux Operating System because it is more flexible and more secure than Windows Operating System. Mr. Samaniego advised us that when we arrived at our home that day, we try to install Linux OS in our computers or download a Virtual Machine and run Linux OS in that VM. After he discussed Linux OS and Virtual Machines, Mr. Samaniego asked us how many programming languages we learned here in Adamson University. We answered 5 programming languages namely, C++, Assembly, C#, Java and C. He advised us to study more programming languages because it is our key to enter the industry world if we want to venture on Programming or Information Security. Mr. Samaniego told us that if we want to enter the field of InfoSec we must equipped ourselves with scripting languages like Ruby and Python because it is the most common language use to analyze threats on applications. He said that based on what programming languages we knew it will be very easy for us to study other programming languages because most of the programming languages are based from C Language. The last part of the seminar was the most interactive part of the seminar, when we are allowed to raise any question we had in our minds. As expected most of the questions were about hacking and some were about Linux Operating System. Mr. Samaniego and Mr. Aguila answered all of our questions and even shared some of their experiences in the industry. Mr. Samaniego shared to us that he once worked with Globe Telecoms as an Information Security officer. There was a time when hackers found a hole in their network and used it to have a free internet connection as long as they have one peso load. It took them weeks to found out that issue and a couple of days to provide a solution regarding the issue. Mr. Samaniego was the one who provided the solution. He told us that the problem was very simple and the hackers were too clever to use it to have an internet connection. The hackers route the DNS of a website to a different IP address, and that IP address gives them internet connection. The solution Mr. Samaniegp provided was also simple, but it was a secret he joked us. He also gave us a list of websites where we  can study Information Security, websites like easycouncil.com, gsn3.org, ic2.org, securityfocus.com, cisecurity.org and other more websites where we can start studying InfoSec. At the end of the day, I was very thankful for this seminar about Information Security. This seminar opened a new career path for me and taught me new things. Mr. Samaniego and Mr. Aguila were truly knowledgeable people from the field of InfoSec and I was lucky to meet them and listened to all their advices and lessons. I realized that Information Technology offers a broad career path and we must not stop learning because IT world is continuously developing and we must cope to these developments. A seminar like this is necessary for us to learn new things and get inspired by IT professionals.

My Experience With Diversity And Diversity - 916 Words

As I reflect over my life, I appreciate the many diverse experiences I’ve came to encounter. My experience with diversity dates back to birth. I am from a small rural town, Moss Point, MS. and notably the last state to abolish slavery. The town currently has a population of 13,704 people and consists of 73% Blacks or African Americans, 23% Caucasian, 1% Hispanic or Latino and 1% bi-racial. Regardless of my town’s homogeneous population, I grew up accepting diversity and valuing individual differences even amid the same racial group. One of the first experiences of diversity I can vividly recall is the various religious beliefs within the Black community. My parents believed â€Å"exposure to the world around you† was one of the primary factors for raising a well-rounded individual. Therefore, we often visited different churches of various faiths. Within my own family, there were different doctrines. My great-grandmother was Pentecostal, my grandmother is a Baptist and my mother is an Atheist. While everyone seemed to have different belief systems, I participated in them all. I had to learn to adapt to each religious institution. In one church I was allowed to wear pants and women could also be pastors; whereas, in another, women could only wear full length dresses and were not allowed in the pulpit. Nonetheless, my parents consistently reiterated the world is comprised of many different races and complexities, which in turn make the universe a beautiful place. They stressedShow MoreRelatedMy Experience With Diversity And Multiculturalism1847 Words   |  8 PagesDescribe how your personal experiences with diversity and multiculturalism, which may include paid or volunteer work, have contributed to your interest and readiness for social work practice. 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